Molecular-level approaches to advancing macroalgal afforestation technique

Abstract

With the increasing frequency of climate change phenomena and ocean pollution caused by human activities, kelp forests, or macroalgal forests, are facing significant deforestation. Numerous efforts have been made to artificially rebuild kelp forests through Ocean Macroalgal Afforestation (OMA) techniques, however, these efforts have not been sufficient to keep pace with the rapid rate of kelp forest deforestation. In order to optimize the efficiency of OMA technology and tackle the challenges associated with OMA processes, our objective is to thoroughly examine each stage of the OMA process for macroalgal afforestation and management at the molecular level. The study aims to enhance Ocean Macroalgal Afforestation (OMA) by improving seaweed spore settlement, protecting young seaweed thalli from herbivores, creating efficient kelp forest monitoring tools, and developing biodegradable cultivation substrates. Specifically, we identified the mechanically triggered settling mechanism of the seaweed spore. We also developed a TA-FeIII complex herbivore repellent, a smartphone-based microalgae monitoring platform for field use, and a biodegradable fishing gear that offers both flexibility and durability. Therefore, the results of this study could enhance macroalgal afforestation, boosting oceanic carbon absorption and reducing climate change impacts.